ABSTRACT
Nutritional strategies are one of basic fundaments of performance in sports. In soccer, like in the majority of professional sports, nutritional control of players is very important. This work presents a general proposal of the structure of the diet for training and the competition based in caloric disassociation, to achieve muscular surcharge of carbohydrates. Nutritional strategies based in the disassociation of the diet, according to metabolic needs of the competition and the training have demonstrated a great efficacy in performance improvement of players. Numerous studies report about metabolic needs of soccer during a game and during training. It has been demonstrated than the super-compensation of carbohydrates is the most effective nutritional strategy.
Las estrategias nutricionales son uno de los pilares básicos del rendimiento en el deporte de competición. En el fútbol como en la mayoría de los deportes profesionales, el control nutricional del jugador ha cobrado una gran importancia. En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta general de la estructura de la dieta para el entrenamiento y la competición basada en la disociación calórica buscando una sobrecarga de hidratos de carbono. Estrategias nutricionales basadas en la disociación de principios inmediatos en función de las necesidades metabólicas de la competición y el entrenamiento, se han demostrado eficaces en la mejora del rendimiento de los deportistas. En el fútbol se han reportado numerosos estudios que describen las necesidades metabólicas durante un partido y durante los entrenamientos. La supercompensación de hidratos de carbono es el tipo de estrategia nutricional que ha demostrado ser más eficaz.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage , Soccer/physiology , Athletic Performance , Energy Intake , Glycogen/metabolism , Nutritional RequirementsABSTRACT
Background: Phlebodium Decumanum is a type of fern that could have an immune or stress response modulating action. Aim: To evaluate if the consumption of a preparation obtained from Phlebodium Decumanum, modifies the changes induced by exercise in plasma levels of testosterone and cortisol. Material and methods: Fourteen male subjects aged 22 ± 2 years were randomized to consume Phlebodium Decumanum and 10 subjects, aged 23 ± 1 years were ascribed to consume a placebo. Both groups performed a standard exercise program, three times a week during one month. Plasma free testosterone and cortisol levels were measured before and 48 hours after the last session of the exercise program. Results: Cortisol levels increased significantly from 18.9 ± 6.8 to 26.2 ± 5.9 fig/dl, in the control group. In the group consuming the study product, no changes were detected (20.0 ±4.6 and 20.9 ± 5.9) fig/dl before and after the exercise program, respectively). Plasma free testosterone decreased significantly in both groups from 36.1 ± 11.04 to 20.7 ±4.3 pg/ml in the control group and from 33.7 ± 10.0 pg/ml to 18.6 ± 4.9 pg/ml in study group. Conclusions: The cortisol levels increased significantly in the control group but not in the study group. Therefore we can suggest that consumption of Phlebodium Decumanum would be able to modulate the response of this hormone to physical stress.